Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and various radio-based technologies might be all the rage in current wireless technology, but Siemens researchers have been developing other aternative of wireless data transfer just using a visible light from white LED. Siemens researchers have improved on their own record for wireless data transfer using white LED light. In collaboration with the Heinrich Hertz Institute in Berlin, they attained a data transfer rate of up to 500 megabits per second (Mbps), significantly improve from the previous record of 200 Mbps. Wireless data transport by means of light paves the way for new applications in the home as well as in industry and transportation.
Using a white LED produced by the Siemens subsidiary Osram, the researchers from Corporate Technology in Munich succeeded in transmitting data over a distance of up to five meters of empty space. The data are directly transferred by modulating, via the power supply, the amount of light emitted by the LED. The researchers used an Ostar LED, one of the brightest LEDs on the market, which can be modulated at such a frequency that data transfer rates of up to 500 Mbit/s are possible. The resulting changes in brightness remain imperceptible to the human eye. The receiver is a photodetector which converts the light signals into electrical pulses. Known as VLC (Visible Light Communication), this form of data transfer has a variety of potential applications. In the home, for example, it could represent a valuable addition to established WLAN technology. Increasingly, wireless networks are compromised by the fact that in many buildings the three independent WLAN frequency bands are multiply occupied, which leads to collisions among the data packets. In a situation like this, visible light, as a currently unused and license-free medium, offers a suitable alternative. A further advantage is that this form of data transfer is impervious to interception. Only the photodetector that is positioned directly within the light cone is able receive the data. In other words, it is impossible to "tap" the data transported in the light beam. There is also a need for this type of data transfer in factory and medical environments, where in certain areas radio-borne transmission is either impossible or only a limited option. A further application is in the field of transportation, where LED stoplights or railroad signals could be used to transmit information to cars or trains.
The researchers were also able to demonstrate that a system combining five LEDs is capable of transferring data rate up to 100 Mbps. Once again, this has practical applications, since such a system could be used to transmit data via ceiling lights to a receiver mounted on a desk located anywhere within a room. The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) has been working since 2007 to standardize activities in this field. It is hoped that this work will be completed by the end of 2010.
If the technology works out, the applications are not only in the home, but also in medical, manufacturing, and transportation applications: for instance, LED stoplights, signals, and signage could be used to send information to smart cars or trains.
Sources:
1. Siemens
2. Digital Trends
3. Engadget
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